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How do force sensors work?

Release Time:

2025-11-01

Six-axis force sensors measure mass or weight, while force sensors measure force (expressed in Newtons, or N). Can they be used interchangeably? Each Newton is roughly equivalent to 100 grams, meaning the physical units of a force sensor can technically be converted into those of a weighing sensor! But in reality, it’s not quite that straightforward. For a force sensor to function effectively, in addition to a strain gauge, an elastic element is also required—such as one made from stainless steel. The strain gauge is then securely bonded to this elastic component. To illustrate, we’ll use the simple form of an elastic element: a steel cylinder.

Let’s briefly explore the strain gauge: It acts as an electrical conductor firmly attached to a substrate. When the substrate is stretched, the strain gauge elongates; conversely, when compressed, it shortens. As a result, the resistance of the strain gauge changes. This is the principle behind strain measurement—determining the magnitude of strain by detecting the corresponding change in the strain gauge’s resistance.

Weighing sensors and force sensors follow different standards: weighing sensors typically adhere to commercial-scale standards, while force sensors must meet either the VDI 2635 or ISO 376 standards. Among these standards, repeatability is a critical factor. Weighing sensors are manufactured in the factory and then calibrated on-site, whereas force sensors are calibrated immediately after production at the factory—and it’s essential that the sensor delivers identical measurement values both before and after being removed and reinstalled. As a result, force sensors feature a more robust design than weighing sensors, ensuring consistent and reliable measurements even under varying environmental conditions.

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How does the multi-dimensional force sensor enhance calibration efficiency?

Typically, a Design Of Experiment (DOE) is employed to generate a scientifically sound load table, while Regression Analysis (RA) is used to establish the functional relationships between dependent and independent variables. Ultimately, the calibration matrix obtained depends heavily on both the load table and the regression analysis method applied. Established force measurement laboratories usually have their own standardized procedures for acquiring and processing this data—though sometimes the individuals directly involved in calibration work may not even be fully aware of the underlying data calculation processes driving the calibration workflow.

2025-11-05

Three-Dimensional Force Sensor Calibration Data Processing Method

To simultaneously measure multi-component forces and torques, a multidimensional force sensor is required, which inevitably demands calibration before use—otherwise, the conversion from electrical signals to physical force values cannot be accurately achieved.

2025-11-05

Calibration Method for Six-Dimensional Force Sensors

Calibration of multi-component force sensors aims to establish the relationship between the signal and the applied force. The calibration process can be expressed as a quadratic polynomial. Interestingly, this representation differs slightly from what’s typically found in domestic textbooks—where we usually place the force F on the left side of the equation. From the perspective of the calibration procedure, however, this arrangement seems more logical, since it reflects applying a specific force and subsequently measuring the corresponding signal.

2025-11-05

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Nanjing Bio-inspired Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd.

南京神源生智能科技有限公司

Tel: 02587793282-8003 18061654911

E-mail: sales@nbit6d.com

Address: H3 Building, 509 Chengxin Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

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